Advanced concepts for high-efficiency germanium photovoltaic …
Abstract: Germanium is an important material for today''s highest efficiency solar cells with three np-junctions based on GaInP, GaInAs and Ge. The Ge subcell in these structures …
In this study, a hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cell (PSC) based on methylammonium germanium triiodide (MAGeI3), which is composed of methylammonium (CH3NH3+) cations and germanium triiodide (GeI3−) anions, has been numerically studied using SCAPS-1d codes. An extensive investigation of various …
Simulation and Analysis of Perovskite Solar Cell Based on Germanium
3.1 Influence of Absorber Layer Thickness on Solar Cell Characteristics. To absorb the maximum number of photons and to generate electron-hole pair, absorber layer should set for optimum thickness [].The thickness of perovskite layer has been varied from 0.2 μm to 0.9 μm, to optimize the thickness and to get the high efficiency.
Quantum confinement-tunable solar cell based on ultrathin …
The n-i-p solar cell device, based on a-Si:H/a-Ge:H multilayers with incorporated ultra-thin a-Ge:H QW nanobsorber layers having different thicknesses (from 20 nm down below 2 nm), is shown in Fig. 1 a. In order to ensure a maximum optical field within the nanoabsorber region, all the QWs are placed in a centered position inside the …
Progress in tin-germanium perovskite solar cells: A review
The primary cause for concern in developing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the potential environmental repercussions of employing lead (Pb) as the absorber. The majority of studies hypothesised that the use of tin-based perovskite could be the key to creating environmentally and financially viable PSCs.
Performance optimization of lead-free potassium germanium halide based ...
The choice of HTL in perovskite solar cells plays a very crucial role in reducing charge recombination, improving charge transportation, optimizing energy levels, and ultimately impacting the efficiency and durability of the PSC devices [28].Hence, the hole Transport Layer necessitates have appropriate band gap, efficient hole mobility, …
Impact of heterointerface properties of crystalline germanium ...
We have previously reported that phosphine (PH 3) surface treatment of a p-type crystalline germanium (c-Ge) substrate improves the c-Ge heterojunction solar cell performance. In this study, the effects of the heterointerface properties of the c-Ge heterojunction solar cell were investigated. We found that the deposition temperature of …
Germanium–lead double absorber layer perovskite solar cells: …
For the first time, we have used germanium–lead as the double absorber layer for perovskite solar cells. The selection of MAGeI 3 and MAPbI 3 as the double …
Progress in tin-germanium perovskite solar cells: A review
Based on Scopus statistics, to date, there were 42 papers published on the mixed tin and germanium perovskite, as illustrated in Fig. 1 (a), and Table 1 shows the configuration and samples used in SnGe-based PSCs. Apart from that, 19 out of 42 or 45% of published papers focus on theoretical study.
Mixed cations tin-germanium perovskite: A promising ...
Significant progress has been made over the years to improve the stability and efficiency of rapidly evolving tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). One powerful approach to enhance the performance of these PSCs is through compositional engineering techniques, specifically by incorporating a mixed cation system at the A-site and B-site …
Enhanced Performance of Germanium Halide Perovskite Solar …
Germanium halide perovskites are an attractive alternative to lead perovskites because of their well-suited optical properties for photovoltaic applications. …
In the realm of lead-free perovskite solar cells, germanium-based perovskite solar cells, owing to their lower toxicity, present a highly favorable option when compared to lead [18, 19]. Germanium-based perovskite has the advantages of low toxicity to environment and organisms, high stability and adjustable band gap [20]. Nonetheless, …
Impact of charge transport on current–voltage characteristics and …
This work elucidates the impact of charge transport on the photovoltaic properties of organic solar cells. Here we show that the analysis of current–voltage curves of organic solar cells under ...
A review on the optical properties of some germanium based
In the last few years, several devices have been developed by increasing their efficiencies based on glass fibers, solar cell applications, and photonics applications. Production with high purity and investigations of several properties of these germanium chalcogenide glasses is the most frequently developed sector in optical material …
High‐Efficiency Solar Cells Grown on Spalled Germanium for …
We measure solar cell current–voltage (J−V) metrics in combination with high-resolution microscopy techniques and spatially-resolved electroluminescence (EL) …
Solar energy converters based on multi-junction photoemission solar cells
where Δϕ = (ϕ c − ϕ a) is the CPD, e − electron charge, N e and N ph − number of emitted electrons and incident photons per second, respectively, and ratio N e /N ph = QY is a quantum yield.
SCAPS simulation and DFT study of ultra-thin lead-free perovskite solar ...
Fig. 3 (a) and (b) show the effect of RbGeI 3 thickness on the current-voltage characteristics of the perovskite solar cell. ... Optimization of germanium-based perovskite solar cells by SCAPS simulation. Opt. Mater., 128 (2022), Article 112427. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar
Germanium substrate: A promising platform for multi-junction solar cells
Costing less than its counterpart Very high-efficiency photovoltaic cells partly implement indium phosphide based (InP) substrates to efficiently convert solar radiation into electrical energy. ... The new CPVMatch four-junction solar cell with a germanium substrate achieved 42.6 % efficiency. The project successfully developed …
Solar Cells. Germanium serves as a substrate material for the production of high-efficiency multijunction photovoltaic cells, which are used in space applications and solar panels. Chemical Catalysts. Certain germanium compounds are used as catalysts in polymerization and other chemical reactions.
The element Germanium has an atomic number of 32 and is represented by the symbol "Ge." It''s a lustrous, hard, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, positioned between silicon and tin. Germanium possesses semiconductor properties, making it indispensable in modern electronics like transistors and solar cells.
Tin and germanium substitution in lead free perovskite solar cell ...
Tin and germanium-based perovskite solar cell is gaining interest in lead-free perovskite solar cells as it is less toxic as compared to lead but possess almost all the characteristics of a ...
Performance optimization of lead-free potassium germanium halide based ...
1. Introduction. Rapidly increasing energy usage presents substantial hurdles to worldwide stability and economic development. So, there is an urgent need for generous, inexpensive, and green renewable energy sources in the long term [1].Solar cells offer a viable solution, by reducing the reliance on fossil fuels while cutting down the …
Examining the advances, obstacles, and achievements of tin-based ...
1. Introduction. The evolution of photovoltaic (PV) technologies can be categorized into three generations. First-generation (1G) solar cells, such as single and multi-crystalline silicon, are widely used in the market due to their high output power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), but they are not economically produced [1].Second …
A Comprehensive Study on a Stand-Alone Germanium (Ge) Solar Cell …
The effect of temperature on the performance parameters [short-circuit current density (J SC), open-circuit voltage (V OC), fill factor (FF), and conversion efficiency (η)] of stand-alone germanium (Ge) solar cells has been theoretically investigated.Although J SC increased with increasing temperature, η decreased due to a …
Mechanical properties of multi-scale germanium specimens from …
The germanium (Ge) substrate occupies the majority thickness of the multilayer structure of the solar cells. 1, 2 For the intrinsic brittleness, there exist unavoidable defects such as dark spots and even small cracks during the manufacturing and assembly processes of space solar cells, which have a great impact on their operations.
Germanium substrate: A promising platform for multi …
Costing less than its counterpart Very high-efficiency photovoltaic cells partly implement indium phosphide based (InP) substrates to efficiently convert solar radiation into electrical energy. ...
Simulation and Analysis of Perovskite Solar Cell Based on Germanium
The perovskite CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 solar cells have a conversion efficiency of about 22%. In this work lead is replaced by germanium. The solar cell analysis is performed using a digital tool «Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS)» Solar cell capacitance simulator was developed by Marc Burgelman at the University of Gent.
One of the first attempts to include Ge-based halide perovskites in PSCs dates back to 2015.[13] In particular, after computationally screening a series of possible candidates, Krishnamoorthy et al. prepared solar cells with the germanium iodide perovskites (MAGeI 3 and CsGeI 3) using compact and mesoporous TiO 2 as electron transport layer ...
Lead-free Ge-based perovskite solar cell incorporating TiO
Due to the increasing demand for energy all over the world and the escalating issue of environmental contamination, traditional fossil fuel-based energy sources are no longer adequate for human society''s sustained advancement [1,2,3,4,, 2].The researchers are currently directing their attention to perovskite solar cells (PSCs) owing …
Overview of the Current State of Gallium Arsenide-Based …
Abstract: As widely-available silicon solar cells, the development of GaAs-based solar cells has been ongoing for many years. Although cells on the gallium arsenide basis today achieve the highest efficiency of all, they are not very widespread. They have particular specifications that make them attractive, especially for certain areas.
